To rule means exercising supreme power in deciding and managing public affairs, maintenance of law and order, security of the realm, fixation of the powers, functions and remuneration of different occupational classes within a hierarchical power structure over-arching plural associations within society as a whole, and finally, the legitimate authority to punish (including capital punishment) offenders of any law, regulation or executive order. The Essence of Democracy: The word 'democracy' is derived from the Greek words 'demos' (people) and 'kratia' (rule), and its literal meaning is 'rule by the people at large'. The purpose of these lectures is (a) to make an accurate analysis of the concept of democracy, (b) critically to assess democracy, and its alternatives, (c) to ascertain how far, or in what sense, Islamic political thought and practice stand for democracy, and finally, (d) briefly to review the acceptability and prospects of democracy in the Islamic world today. Many Muslims believe that Islam is the best form of democracy. The word 'democracy' has become a prestigious word (like 'truth', 'justice', or beauty'), and quite diverse political systems claim to be democratic. Expression such as 'Islamic democracy’, 'Islamic Socialism', 'Islamic Economics’, 'Quranic constitution', 'Sovereignty of Allah' are tenuous and are often, rather always, used in a manner, both simplistic and misleading. But an intellectually and spiritually satisfying Islamic vision has not yet crystallized for the vast majority. There is an inner demand for re-interpreting basic Islamic concepts, values and institutions to make them viable in the modern age. They resist the idea of remaining camp followers and imitators of the western or Communist establishments. Muslim countries have recently won political independence from western domination, but continue to be dependent on others, technologically or economically.
Different ideas and ideologies are competing to fill in the vacuum in the Muslim world which comprises approximately one-fifth of the human family. The classical interpretation of basic Islamic-concepts and values has more or less ceased to command the authentic assent of numerous intelligent and informed Muslim believers, and there is a sort of intellectual and spiritual vacuum in The Islamic world. The Muslim world is passing through a deep spiritual crisis. Self-Perception of Muslims Regarding Democracy 3.9 (i) Distinction between Essence and Form of Democracy:.3.7 (g) Consequence of the Exercise of Power:.3.6 (f) Clash of Interests and their Resolution:.
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